高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊Unit 4 Space Exploration教學設計

這是一份高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊Unit 4 Space Exploration教學設計，共4頁。教案主要包含了不定式作定語，不定式作狀語等內容，歡迎下載使用。
Unit 4 Space ExplorationPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structures動詞不定式做定語和狀語（導學案）This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “the infinitive” used as the adverbial and attributive. To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about this grammar by analyzing the sentence patterns in the text and some simple sentences. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of “the infinitive” used as the adverbial and attributive. 2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the P“the infinitive” used as the adverbial and attributive. 3. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.Help students to appreciate the function of “the infinitive” used as the adverbial and attributive. 2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper “the infinitive” used as the adverbial and attributive. 觀察下列句子特點，總結共同點。指出下列句子中畫線部分所作的句子成分 1．Can you find a proper person to finish this job in time？        2．Do you have anything to be taken there?          3．I hurried to his house, only to find him out.        4．He's old enough to make a trip alone.        5．Do you have anything to do tonight?         6．In his third year, he left Harvard to work for a company called  Microsoft.         答案：1.定語　2.定語　3.狀語　4.狀語　5.定語　6.狀語  一、不定式作定語1．不定式作定語，修飾名詞或代詞，不定式和它所修飾的名詞之間有邏輯上的動賓關系、主謂關系、動狀關系或同位關系。不定式通常要放在這些被修飾的詞后。I have a lot of work to do.我有許多工作要做。(動賓關系)He is the first person to think of the idea.他是第一個想到這個主意的人。(主謂關系)I have no time to go there.我沒有時間去那兒。(動狀關系)He has got a chance to go abroad.他有一個出國的機會。(同位關系)(1)不定式與其所修飾的詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系，而該不定式為不及物動詞時，其后須加上適當?shù)慕樵~。I am looking for a room to live in.我正在找一間屋子住。(2)當作定語的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的承受者時，不定式既可以用主動形式，也可用被動形式，但其含義有所不同。Have you anything to send?你有什么東西要寄嗎？(不定式to send的動作執(zhí)行者是“你”)Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎？(不定式to be sent的動作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”)2．不定式作定語的幾種情況：(1)不定式作定語可以表示將來的動作。I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.我借了一些我假期要讀的書。(2)序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級， the last, the only等詞后或被這些詞修飾的名詞/代詞后，且與中心詞之間為邏輯上的主謂關系時，常用不定式作定語。He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.他總是第一個到校，最后一個離校。(3)被修飾詞是抽象名詞時，常用不定式作定語。常見的該類名詞有：plan, ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise, attempt, way等。And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.增強意志力最好的方法就是讓意志力成為一種習慣。 (2)單句寫作①突然她想到了一個好主意，但是她找不到寫的紙。Suddenly a good idea occurred to her, but she couldn't find any paper ______________.②她是第一個在奧運會上獲得金牌的女性。She was the first woman ____________  the gold medal in the Olympic Games.【答案】：①to write on　②to win二、不定式作狀語1．結果狀語不定式作結果狀語常表示出乎意料的結果。常用于下列結構中：only to do; enough to do (足夠做……); too ... to ... (太……而不能……); so/such ... as to ... (如此……以至于……)。He hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had left.他匆忙趕到火車站，結果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經開走了。He was so tired as to be unable to walk.＝He was too tired to walk.他累得走不動了．【點津】　現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語常常表示“自然而然、意料之中或順理成章”的結果。It hasn't rained for a month, making the crops hard to grow.一個月沒下雨了導致莊稼很難生長。2．目的狀語不定式作目的狀語主要表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。常用于下列結構中：only to (僅僅為了); in order to; so ... as to; so (such) ... as to ... (如此……以便……)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飛快地跑以便趕上第一班車。I come here only to say good-bye to you.我來僅僅是向你告別。【點津】　1.不定式的復合結構作目的狀語 ,當不定式或不定式短語有自己的執(zhí)行者時，要用不定式的復合結構?即在不定式或不定式短語之前加 for ＋名詞或賓格代詞?作狀語。He opened the door for the children to come in. 他開門讓孩子們進來。目的狀語從句與不定式的轉換 英語中的目的狀語從句，還可以變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ交虿欢ㄊ蕉陶Z作狀語，從而使句子在結構上得以簡化?？煞譃閮煞N情況： 1?當目的狀語從句中的主語與主句中的主語相同時，可以直接簡化為不定式或不定式短語作狀語。We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. →We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time. 2?當目的狀語從句中的主語與主句中的主語不相同時，要用動詞不定式的復合結構作狀語。I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. →I came early in order for you to read my report before the meeting.